Successful production of onions

Onion is an important vegetable and masala crop. It also contains protein and some bitamine in small quantities. Onion has a lot of medicinal properties. Used as onion soup, pickles and salads. Maharashtra, Gujarat, U.P., Orissa, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, M.P., Andhra Pradesh and Bihar are headed by the onion producer states of India. Madhya Pradesh is the largest onion producer of India. Onion cultivation in M.P. is carried out mainly in Khandwa, Shajapur, Ratlam Chhindwada Sea and Indore, in general all gylo is cultivated. Onion exports from India are exported to Malaysia, UAE Canada, Japan, Lebanon and Kubet.

Although onions are cold weather harvests, it can also be grown in Kharif. For the pre-onion harvest of tuber construction approx. 210 cm. gray. The temperature is considered appropriate. While the shulk tubers remain best for development from 150 to Grey. From 250 to Gray.

Soil:

Onion can be cultivated in a variety of soils, suitable for cultivation of plants and cultivated fertile dome and vului dome lands whose pH value is between 6.5-7.5, onion should not be grown in more alkaline or swamped soils.

Advanced varieties:

The major advanced varieties of Kharif Onion in M.P are the following:

1. Agri Fond Dark Red:

3. Bhima Super:

Land Preparation:

In the successful production of onions there are special significance of the preparation of land. The first separation of the farm should be done by the soil rebound. Apply 2 to 3 tillage cultivator or haira, after each tillage, make sure that the moisture is safe and the soil is fried. The land is transplanted from the surface to the 1.2m round bar on a 15 cm high, so the farm should be prepared from a ridged-bed system.

Manure & Fertilizer:

Onion crop needs more nutrients. Manure and fertilizer in onion crop should be used only on soil test basis. Gober’s rot manure should be poured into one-two months prior farm from 20-25 ton/hector transplant. In addition, 100 kg per hectare, spur 50 kg per hectare and potash 50 kg per hectare are per hectare. Additionally sulfur 25kg or zinc 5kg per hectare are required to improve onion quality

Preparation:

Before the place chosen for the nursery house, after this, a sufficient amount of gour should be put in manure or compost. The size of the nursery is kept 3 mc 0.75 m and 60-70 cm between the two chambers to make the agricultural work easily. Sandy loamed lands are suitable for the nursery, the seedlings should be made at a height of about 15 cm. After sowing, the seeds should be covered with a manure of 2-3 cm. thick surface with fine soil and roti gober. Before sowing, take treatment of solarization by 250 gauge polythene. Seeds should always sow in rows. For the harvest of Kharif season 5-7 cm. Keep the line distance from the line. After this, the composts on the ears, dry grass plasters (mulching) are laid out to provide moisture protection in the land. After the germination in the nursery should be removed. It should be noted that the irrigation of the nursery should be done with the first smear. To protect plants from more precipitation, it will be appropriate to grow the nursery or plantings in the polytanal.

Seed quantity:

15-20kg per hectare seed is required for the purchase season.

Time for sowing and transplanting of seeds on the nursery chaiya:

For the purchase season, the nursery should be carried out in the rows of seeds on the Sheyya until June 1-15, when the plant is 45 days, it is best to transplant it. The seedlings of the plant should be carried out on ready-made farms with rote chariot, with 1.2 m of chariot chariot and about 30 cm chariot.

Weed Control:

A total of 3 to 4 Nirai-Gudai is required to keep the crop free from weeds. Onion plants are planted close to each other and are also shallow, so it is advisable to use chemical substances to destroy weeds. For this, it has been very effective and suitable to spray Pandimethylin 2.5 to 3.5 liters/hectore or oxyfluorophen 600-1000 ml/hector weed plant seedlings in 750 liters of water after 3 days.

Irrigation & Burning:

Irrigation should be done immediately after planting in the harvest of the Kharif season otherwise delaying irrigation increases the likelihood of the plant die. Irrigation should be done as required when the onion crop is grown in the Kharif season. It should be noted that the water at the time of shulkanda construction should not be lacked as it is the chronological state of the onion crop as the water shortage in this state leads to a huge decrease in yield, while more amounts of water invites purple smear. For a long period of time, the farm should not be drained, otherwise the shulkand bursts and the harvest will come quickly, resulting in less production. So, light irrigation should be done at intervals of 8-10 days as required. If water is taken in the field for more rain or other reason, it should be administered as soon as possible to take a mildew in the crop.

Excavator of tubers:

Kharif Onion harvest is prepared for digging in November-December month in about 5 months. As soon as the onion knots are completed and the leaves begin to dry, about 10-15 days prior irrigation should be closed and the top of the onion plants should be crushed with the help of the foot. This makes the tubers solid and increases their growth. After this, dig the tubers and keep them in queues in the field.

Crop Protection:-

1. Thrips:

Mite:

Purple smear (Purple blatch):

Yield:

The yield per hectare of Kharif onion is found up to 250-300 quintals.

Approximate description of income in the cultivation of Kharif onion (per hectare)